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Because Internet by Gretchen McCulloch

A linguist explains the history and semiotics of internet communication. While some chapters sing out more than others, this book offers tremendously helpful insights about communication in the post-post-modern era.

Thanks to the internet and texting (and all of the irony, subtext, and various other linguistically subversive nuances one can communicate via those media) modern culture is experiencing what I consider could be the first stages of a hard fork in written communication. An early example might be a concept like Poe's Law, which arose to explain how entire demographics fail to see irony or sarcasm when clearly intended. The growing political bifurcation in the USA seems to be giving rise to noticeable differences in dialectic and language style. 

Even the "language" of Bitcoiners with their rhetorically powerful memes and extensive use of vocabulary designed to be unintelligible to outsiders (e.g.: "few," "gradually, then suddenly," "hodler," US trash token" and so on) gives us a concrete example of how language can signal--and even serve to define--group membership. 

When we've come to the point where the use of an eggplant emoji in the wrong context can be deeply embarrassing, I think it's safe to say that we are starting to see the development of an entire taxonomy of proto-languages online. This book will help you navigate these new frontiers.

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Stress Without Distress by Hans Selye

A short book distilling Hans Selye's groundbreaking technical work The Stress of Life  into practical principles for handling daily life. Articulates a basic philosophy that can be boiled down to "earn thy neighbor's love." Selye calls this "altruistic egotism" and argues that satisfaction in life can be achieved by seeking genuinely satisfying work, earning the goodwill and gratitude of others through that work, and by living with a philosophy of gratitude. Not his finest book, but it is interesting and useful to hear the values and prescriptive statements of one of biology's most eminent scientists. The ideas in this book are not original--the author candidly admits as much--but offer helpful guideposts for how to live. Notes: 1) The first chapter is essentially a layperson's summary of Selye's main work The Stress of Life , defining key terms, what he means (in biological terms) when he talks about stress, describing the evolution of the stres
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The Genealogy of Morals by Friedrich Nietzsche (trans. Francis Golffing)

Of the three essays of The Genealogy of Morals  I recommend the first two. Skim the third. Collectively, they are extremely useful reading for citizens of the West to see clearly the oligarchic power dynamics under which we live. Show me a modern Western nation-state where there isn't an increasing concentration of power among the elites--and a reduction in freedom for everyone else. You can't find one. Today we live in an increasingly neo-feudal system, where elites control more and more of the wealth, the actions, even the  thoughts  of the masses. Perhaps we should see the rare flowerings of genuine democratic freedom (6th century BC Athens, Republic-era Rome, and possibly pre-1913 USA ) for what they really are: extreme outliers, quickly replaced with tyranny. The first essay inverts the entire debate about morality, as Nietzsche nukes centuries of philosophical ethics by simply saying the powerful simply do what they do , and thus those things are good by definition. La
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The World of Late Antiquity: AD 150-750 by Peter Brown

Late Antiquity is a rich, messy and complicated era of history, with periods of both decline and mini-renaissances of Roman culture and power, along with a period of astounding growth and dispersion of Christianity. And it was an era of extremely complex geopolitical engagements across three separate continents, as the Roman Empire's power center shifted from Rome to Constantinople. There's a  lot  that went on in this era, and this book will help you get your arms around it. And Christianity didn't just grow during this period, it was a tremendous driver of political and cultural change. It changed everything--and to be fair, really destabilized and even wrecked a lot of the existing cultural foundation underlying Mediterranean civilization. But then, paradoxically, the Christian church later provided the support structure to help Rome (temporarily) recover from extreme security problems and near collapse in the mid-third century. But that recovery was an all-too-brief min
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